Monday, June 5, 2023

Making the Structure of 'Fire Ice' with Nanoparticles

Making the structure of 'fire ice' with nanoparticles








Cage structures made with nanoparticles could be a route toward making organized nanostructures with mixed materials, and researchers at the University of Michigan have shown how to achieve this through computer simulations.

The finding could open new avenues for photonic materials that manipulate light in ways that natural crystals can’t. It also showcased an unusual effect that the team is calling entropy compartmentalization.

“We are developing new ways to structure matter across scales, discovering the possibilities and what forces we can use,” said Sharon Glotzer, the Anthony C. Lembke Department Chair of Chemical Engineering, who led the study published in Nature Chemistry ("Entropy compartmentalization stabilizes open host–guest colloidal Clathrates"). “Entropic forces can stabilize even more complex crystals than we thought.”

The cages of the host network of bipyramid particles are shown in blue on the left side, becoming increasingly transparent toward the right. The red bipyramid particles are guest particles, trapped in the cages of the clathrate
While entropy is often explained as disorder in a system, it more accurately reflects the system’s tendency to maximize its possible states. Often, this ends up as disorder in the colloquial sense. Oxygen molecules don’t huddle together in a corner—they spread out to fill a room. But if you put them in the right size box, they will naturally order themselves into a recognizable structure.
Nanoparticles do the same thing. Previously, Glotzer’s team had shown that bipyramid particles—like two short, three-sided pyramids stuck together at their bases—will form structures resembling that of fire ice if you put them into a sufficiently small box. Fire ice is made of water molecules that form cages around methane, and it can burn and melt at the same time. This substance is found in abundance under the ocean floor and is an example of a clathrate. Clathrate structures are under investigation for a range of applications, such as trapping and removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

The full particle shapes are shown on the left, with the blue particles forming the cage network structure and the red acting as guests. On the right, the cages are traced out with blue dots at each point or truncated point on the particles and gray lines connecting them. (Image: Sangmin Lee, Glotzer Group)
Unlike water clathrates, earlier nanoparticle clathrate structures had no gaps to fill with other materials that might provide new and interesting possibilities for altering the structure’s properties. The team wanted to change that.
“This time, we investigated what happens if we change the shape of the particle. We reasoned that if we truncate the particle a little, it would create space in the cage made by the bipyramid particles,” said Sangmin Lee, a recent doctoral graduate in chemical engineering and first author of the paper.
He took the three central corners off each bipyramid and discovered the sweet spot where spaces appeared in the structure but the sides of the pyramids were still intact enough that they didn’t start organizing in a different way. The spaces filled in with more truncated bipyramids when they were the only particle in the system. When a second shape was added, that shape became the trapped guest particle.

Glotzer has ideas for how to create selectively sticky sides that would enable different materials to act as cage and guest particles, but in this case, there was no glue holding the bipyramids together. Instead, the structure was completely stabilized by entropy.




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Wednesday, May 31, 2023

7th Edition of International Research Awards on Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanomaterials


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7th Edition of International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology



7th Edition of International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Prof. Liqiang Mai | Wuhan University of Technology | China | Best Researcher Award




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Tuesday, May 30, 2023

What are the Potential Applications of Nanotechnology in Medicine?


What are the Potential Applications of Nanotechnology in Medicine?


Nanotechnology, the manipulation and engineering of materials at the nanoscale level, has the potential to revolutionize various fields, including medicine. In recent years, there has been significant progress in harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, offering promising solutions for diagnostics, drug delivery, imaging, and disease treatment. In this article, we will explore the potential applications of nanotechnology in medicine.

Targeted Drug Delivery: One of the most significant potential applications of nanotechnology in medicine is targeted drug delivery. Nanoparticles can be designed to encapsulate drugs and deliver them directly to specific cells or tissues in the body. This targeted approach improves drug efficacy while minimizing side effects. Nanoparticles can be engineered to release drugs at a controlled rate, enhancing therapeutic outcomes for various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions.


Disease Diagnosis and Imaging: Nanotechnology offers advanced tools for disease diagnosis and imaging. Nanoparticles can be functionalized with specific molecules or markers that can bind to disease-specific biomarkers, allowing for early detection and accurate diagnosis of diseases such as cancer. Nanosensors and nanoprobes enable sensitive and real-time detection of disease-related molecules, providing valuable insights for monitoring and treatment planning.


Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Nanomaterials, such as nanofibers and nanoscaffolds, provide a structural framework for the growth and regeneration of tissues and organs. They can mimic the extracellular matrix and promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Nanotechnology-based approaches offer potential solutions for tissue repair, wound healing, and the development of functional tissue constructs.






Personalized Medicine: Nanotechnology has the potential to enable personalized medicine, tailoring treatments to individual patients' needs. Nanoparticles can be designed to carry multiple drugs, targeting specific mutations or variations in patients' genetic makeup. Nanoscale sensors can monitor biomarkers in real-time, allowing for personalized treatment adjustments and optimized therapeutic outcomes. Nanotechnology also facilitates the development of point-of-care diagnostic devices, enabling rapid and precise diagnosis at the bedside.


Nanorobotics and Theranostics: The field of nanorobotics combines nanotechnology with robotics to develop tiny machines capable of performing tasks at the cellular or molecular level. These nanorobots can navigate through the body, delivering drugs, performing surgeries, or clearing blockages in blood vessels. Nanotechnology also enables theranostics, the integration of diagnostics and therapeutics into a single platform. Theranostic nanoparticles can simultaneously deliver drugs and provide real-time imaging or monitoring of treatment efficacy.


Antimicrobial Agents and Infection Control: Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions for combating microbial infections. Nanoparticles can be engineered to deliver antimicrobial agents directly to bacteria or viruses, overcoming antibiotic resistance and reducing the risk of systemic side effects. Nanostructured materials can also be used to develop antibacterial coatings for medical devices, preventing the formation of biofilms and reducing the risk of infections.


Biosensors and Diagnostics: Nanotechnology-based biosensors provide sensitive and rapid detection of various biomarkers, enabling early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. Nanomaterials, such as quantum dots and carbon nanotubes, exhibit unique electrical, optical, or magnetic properties that can be harnessed for sensitive and specific detection of molecules. Nanotechnology also enables the development of portable and cost-effective diagnostic devices, expanding access to healthcare in resource-limited settings.

The potential applications of nanotechnology in medicine are vast and hold great promise for improving healthcare outcomes. However, challenges such as safety, regulatory approval, and scalability need to be addressed.


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Monday, May 29, 2023

Nanomaterials for Energy Harvesting and Storage | Nanotechnology Confere...



Nanomaterials have shown great potential for energy harvesting and storage applications due to their unique properties at the nanoscale. They offer improved performance and efficiency compared to traditional materials in various energy-related devices.


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Monday, May 22, 2023

Prof. Yuri Lyubchenko, University of nebraska Medicl Center, United Stat...



Professor Yuri L. Lyubchenko received his PhD in Molecular Biophysics from the Moscow Institute Physics and Technology (Russia) and DSc degree in Molecular Biology from Institute of Molecular Genetics (Moscow, Russia). Currently, he is Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE. In the United States. His research spans a broad range of biomedical problems aimed at unraveling molecular mechanisms of such diseases as cancer, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. He has authored 289 research articles/book chapters. He was named UNMC distinguished scientist (2008). He is an Academic Editor for Nature-Scientific Reports, associate editor for New Journal of Science, Frontiers in Bioscience, Journal of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Precision Nanomedicine and serves as editorial member of a number of reputed journals. He also serves on NIH and NSF grant proposal review panels. 

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Making the Structure of 'Fire Ice' with Nanoparticles

Making the structure of 'fire ice' with nanoparticles Cage structures made with nanoparticles could be a route toward making organiz...